The second group believe, in general terms, that the West has always tried to subvert and gain ascendancy over Islam. Their focus is on giving Islam global dominance once again. Some famous names synonymous with this movement are the Muslim Brotherhood (Ikhwanul-Muslimin) of Syed Qutb and Hasan al-Banna, and Al-Qaeda of Osama bin Laden.
After the Oil Boom in the 1970s and the Iranian Revolution of 1979, the 1980s saw an Islamic revivalism that reflected the second response. This revivalism has exacerbated tensions between Islam and the West. The mutual distrust between the Islamic and Western worlds is nothing new; it was evident during the Crusades. Often, this mistrust is caused by, and/or coupled with, ignorance and prejudice. The current tensions, particularly concerning Arab-Israeli relations, the oil trade, the war in Iraq and Afghanistan, and terrorism, are constant reminders of this distrust.
Then there is this pious assertion, claiming an overwhelming public rejection by Muslims of Islamist terrorism that very few, if any, Australians would have actually heard:
Examples from this teaching guide for schools (and note the blame shifting from Muslim culture to Australian
racism):
Muslim unemployment figures are generally higher than the national average. The reasons for this are numerous
but underlying discrimination and prejudice towards non-Europeans in Australia may be a factor ...
Religious beliefs held by Muslims (and others, including Christians) can lead to concerns about some content
covered within the science curriculum. Many Muslims oppose Darwinism and the theory of evolution, deeming these
to be in opposition to Islamic creationism....
Many make the same argument about America’s involvement in various Muslim countries on the grounds of fighting terrorism and introducing democracy....
In visual art, some Muslim students and/or their parents will be uncomfortable with drawing and sculpting animate objects (people and animals). .. While most Muslims do not see any harm in drawing animate objects, some students have gone as far as defacing their works and the works of others
1. Music is prohibited in Islam except during the two Id festivals and at weddings…
2. All types of musical instruments are prohibited in Islam except for the daff, which may be used for musical
purposes at all times....
Most Muslims recognise that swimming is an important life skill for all Australians, but some Muslim women in
this country will not swim unless they can find an all female (and preferably all Muslim) pool....
Some Muslims see capitalism as a greed-driven economic system that leads to an imbalance in the global
distribution of wealth. They argue that it makes the rich richer and the poor poorer, noting that many
Muslim communities live in poverty. They also see capitalism as a product of the West. However, most Muslim
students will approach the study of business at school with an open mind…
The quotes below, from her interviews with Muslim parents, identify some of their common concerns. “Morally,
Australia is not a good place to rear children. Smoking, drugs and illicit relations are a constant threat.
We have to be particular about children’s friends, try to know the family and make sure that the child has good
company."… “You cannot become part of mainstream Australian society due to the cultural difference. So, for
the sake of maintaining one’s identity, you tend to find refuge in religion and start practising it more
strictly."…
Muslim student absenteeism during Ramadan is common…
However, it is common for female Muslim students not to attend (school camps)…
While many Muslim states across the world do not adopt democracy, the Quran actually orders Muslims to engage
in consultation (shura) in order to run their daily affairs. The system of shura is somewhat similar to
democracy. However, many Muslims still live under authoritarian regimes and/or believe that democracy is the
product of the West and should be dismissed…
While some Muslims believe (women are inferior to men under Islam), due to their cultural and family
background, others strongly oppose it…
Some Muslims do want this (their own system of law) but the vast majority of Muslims will abide by the laws of
the land.